…临床实验中的种族差异疑问亟待处置翻译考研英语_网易订阅(临床实验中pv是什么意思)

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小贴士：
上期思考题答案：because it’s a highly concentrated market with little margin for error.
一个思考题（答案在文中）：
why on earth should race and ethnic diversity be considered in clinical trials？
——大橙子留
上期翻译答案
the disruptionraiseda new questions of whether the dominance of a few giant companies has undermined resilience in the sector, andcomesat a time when market concentration is being scrutinized in a wide range of fields.
这次紊乱引出了一个新的疑问：少量巨子公司的主导方位是不是损害了这一作业的（供给）弹性，而且当前许多领域的商场会集化正遭到了亲近重视。
1.comes at a time when…:正逢…（在这儿它的主语是disruption）
《本期内容》
导读
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临床实验假定无法代表生患者群的典型特征，会致使科研成果呈现误差，或无法有用地关于患病集体起到医治作用，处置参加临床实验的人种差异疑问迫在眼前。
双语阅览
most clinical trials are not representative of the general population or of those with a particular disease. clinical trials primarily enroll white, male patients, with consistent underrepresentation of women, the elderly, and people of color — especially black and hispanic patients. while people of color make up about 39% of the u.s. population, these groups represent from 2% to 16% of patients in trials.
大大都临床实验都无法代表群众集体或患有某种特定疾病的人群。临床实验招募的首要是白人、男性患者，而女人、晚年人和有色人种——特别是黑人和西班牙裔患者的代表性一向缺乏。尽管有色人种约占美国人员的39%，但这些人种在实验患者中所占的比例只需2%到16%。
every disease affects different populations — with differences in age, gender, race, and ethnicity. what is representative forsicklecell disease, which is more common in people of african descent and hispanics, is very different than what is representative for breast or prostate cancer.
每种疾病都会影响不一样的人群——在年纪、性别、人种和民族方面存在差异的人。镰状细胞病在非裔和西班牙裔中更常见，这种病的人种代表特征与乳腺癌或前列腺癌的代表特征差异很大。
this underrepresentation emerged as anissueduring the trial of moderna’s covid-19 vaccine. when it was reported that black americans represented only 7% of the trial versus 13% of the u.s. population, moderna slowed the trial to quickly recruit more people of color as participants.
莫德纳在进行新冠肺炎疫苗实验时，代表性缺乏的疑问初步凸显出来。有报导称，占到人员总数13%的美国黑人在临床实验中只占7%，莫德纳暂缓了实验，灵敏招募了更多的有色人种参加到其间。
moderna was the exception. companies rarely face public scrutiny, don’t need a representative trial to secure the approval of the u.s. food and drug administration (fda), and believe that recruiting representative patients adds time and expense. conducting diverse trials has not been mandated and has not been a priority. yet overnight the world changed. the pandemic hasshineda spotlightondisparities in health care. addressing them has rapidly become a priority for the health ecosystem, including the research community.
莫德纳是个破例。这些公司很少面临大众检查，也不需要经过代表性实验来获得美国食物药物监管局的附和，而且许多公司认为招募代表性的患者会添加时刻和费用。打开多样化的实验并不是强行需求，也不是需要优先思考的事项。可是一夜之间，世界发生了改动。疫情让我们留心到医疗保健中存在的人种差异疑问。处置这些疑问已灵敏变成清洁体系，包括研讨界的重中之重。
in this era of precision medicine, the key to accelerating cures is data. but without data that is representative of all patients with a disease, researchers won’t be able to determine whichsegmentsand sub-segments of patients are helped most by a treatment. representative patient data and the insights from this data are essential in ensuring that no patients are left behind in efforts to cure a disease.
在这个精准医疗的年代，加速医治速度的要害是数据。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期发布~为了保证在尽力医治一种疾病的进程中没有遗失掉任何患者，具有代表性的患者数据和从这些数据里发生的结论就显得至关重要。
这篇文章节选自：hbr （哈佛商业谈论）
发布时刻：2021.06.11
作者：kathy giusti
原文标题：addressing demographic disparities in clinical trials
词汇堆集
1.sickle

英 /?s?k?l/ 美 /?s?k?l/

n.镰刀
adj.镰刀型的
2.issue

英 /???u?/ 美 /???u?/

n.疑问；流出；期号；发行物
vt.发布；发给；排出
3.segment

英 /?seɡm?nt/ 美 /?seɡm?nt/

v.切割；（细胞）割裂
n.段，有些；（生果或花的）瓣，（动物的）节；（播送或节意图）时刻段

词组分配
1.shine on 发光；照在…上；集合于
写作句总结
this underrepresentation emerged as an issue during the trial of moderna’s covid-19 vaccine.
规划: this … emerged as an issue during the … of ….
在…进程中闪现了…疑问
例句: this undue sense of discipline emerged as an issue during the experiment of children’s concentration.
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