2006年考研英语阅读理解第四篇重点单词汇总+翻译(2006年考研英语一真题答案)

2006年考研英语阅读理解第四篇重点单词汇总+翻译
many things make people think artists are weird.?but the weirdest may be this: artists only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.
许多事情让人们觉得艺术家是怪异的。但最怪异的也许在于:艺术家唯一的工作就是探究各种情感，然而他们却选择关注负面情感。
this wasnt always so.?the earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy.?but somewhere from the 19th century onward, more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless, phony or, worst of all, boring, as we went from wordsworths flowers of evil.
情况并非总是如此。最早的艺术形式，如绘画和音乐，是最适于表达快乐的。但大约从19世纪开始，更多的艺术家开始把快乐看作是毫无意义的、虚假的、甚至是使人厌倦的东西，正如我们从华兹华斯笔下的水仙花过渡到波德菜尔笔下的恶之花时所体验到的那样。
you could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery.?but itt know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents.?the reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today.
你可能会辩称，因为现代社会遭受了太多痛苦，所以艺术对快乐愈发怀疑。但这并不是说早期时代好像就没有经历过连续不断的战争、灾难和滥杀无辜。事实上，原因可能恰恰相反:当今世界有太多令人厌烦的快乐。
after all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness??advertising.?the rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in

which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology.
别忘了，几乎完全致力于描绘快乐的一种现代表现形式是什么呢?是广告。反快乐艺术几乎紧随着大众传媒的出现而兴起，与大众传媒相伴而生的还有一种商业文化，在这种文化中，快乐不仅是一种理想，还是一种意识形态。
people in earlier eras were surrounded?by reminders of misery.?they worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young.?in the west, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms.?given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
早期时代的人们处于极其痛苦的境地。他们工作到筋疲力尽，生活几乎没有任何保障，年纪轻轻就去世了。在西方，在大众传媒和读写普及之前，最有影响力的大众传播媒介是教堂，它提醒信徒们:他们的灵魂处于危险之中，他们有朝一日会成为蛆虫的食物。鉴于此，他们实在无须让艺术也成为令人烦恼的事。
today the messages your average westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy.?fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling, smiling.?our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.?and since these messages have an agenda–to lure us to open our wallets–they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.?celebrate! commanded the ads for the arthritis drug celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.
今天，围绕普通西方人的信息不是宗教的，而是商业的，而且是永远快乐的。快餐食客、新闻主播、发短信者，都在微笑、微笑、微笑。我们的杂志以刊登满面春风的名人和幸福美满的家庭为特色。由于这些信息都有一个目的—引诱我们打开钱包—它们使“快乐”这一概念本身显得不可靠。“欢庆吧!”关节炎药品“西乐葆”的广告这样鼓动道，随后我们却发现这种药会增加心脏病发作的风险。
but what we forget–what our economy depends on us forgetting–is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.?the things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.?today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need art to tell us, as religion once did, memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.its a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.
但是我们所忘记的—我们的经济指望我们忘却的—就是快乐不仅仅是没有痛苦的快乐。带来最大快乐的东西也最有可能带来损失和失望。今天，我们周围充斥着承诺，告诉我们快乐可以轻易获得，我们需要艺术像宗教曾做过的那样提醒我们人终有一死:记得你终将死去，一切都会结束，快乐不在于否认这一事实，而在于接受它。这一启示甚至比丁香烟还要苦，但不知为何却带来了一股清新的气息。
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